Section 6.4

 

Let f(t) be a continuous function on the closed interval [a, b].  If I divide the interval into n equal subintervals, each piece will be length  For each subinterval, pick a point. (If I were using the right-hand method, I would pick the right endpoint of the interval.)  So out of interval I, pick the point x­i.  At that point, I will go up to the function and build a rectangle whose height is f(xi).  The area of that rectangle is .  We can add all the areas of all of the rectangles: .  So if we let the number of rectangles increase without bound we have

           

This is called the definite integral of f(x) with limits of integration a and b.

 

Example:

This is the same as asking the area between f(t) = t + 3 and the t-axis on the interval [1, 4].

 

This is the area of the trapezoid.  We can think of this as a rectangle (base 3, height 4) topped by a triangle (base 3, height 3).  So the area is 12 + 9/2 = 33/2

 

 

Example: Evaluate

Graph the function f(t) = 3t + 2 on the interval [0, 5]